PASSIVE VOICE

Use of Passive

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.

Form of Passive

Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:

§  the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence

§  the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)

§  the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

Example:

Rita writes a letter  - Active voice

A letter is written by Rita  -   Passive voice

ACTIVITY

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

1. He opens the door. -

2. We clean the table. -

3. She pays a lot of money. -

4. I draw a picture. -

5. They wear blue shoes. -

6. They don't help you. -

7. He doesn't open the book. -

8. You do not write the letter. - 

REMEDIAL ACTIVITY FOR 10°

WORKSHOP

Desarrolla el taller en hojas de block bien presentado.

A. Complete the table in present perfect simple.

positive	negative	question
He has written a letter.
	They have not stopped.
		Have we danced?
She has worked.
	Andy has not slept.

B. Write sentences in present perfect simple.

1.    they / ask / a question

2.    he / speak / English

3.    I / be / in my room

4.    we / not / wash / the car

5.    Annie / not / forget / her homework

C. Write questions in present perfect simple.

1.    they / finish / their homework

2.    Sue / kiss / Ben

3.    the waiter / bring / the tea

4.    Marilyn / pay / the bill

5.    you / ever / write / a poem

D. Choose the correct word, and change the sentences to other ways.

1. He used to   be being  fat but now he's thin
2. He isn't used to   work working  in these bad conditions.
3. How did you get used to   work working  in the middle of this mess
4. Did you  use to used to  write poems when you were young?
5. I need some time to get used to   live living  in this town.
6. Sting used to  be being  a teacher before he became a famous singer.
7. I'm not used to   wash washing  linen by hand.
8. She'll get used to   live living  in the extremely cold winter of Siberia.
9. My mother didn't   use to used to  drink much coffee. But now she has become addicted to it
10. There used to  be being  a lot of trees in this court yard. They have all been cut down.

REMEDIAL ACTIVITY FOR 9°

WORKSHOP

Desarrolla las siguientes actividades en una hoja de block para entregar.

BIEN PRESENTADO

A. Entra a este link y desarrolla la actividad de los contables e incontables. http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=3246

B. Write a few or a little.  a few   a little

1. He has _____ plans.

2. She has got _____ milk.

3. He drank ______ whisky.

4. And has _____  friends.

5. We saw ______ people at the restaurant.

6. I bought _____  newspapers.

7. There is ______ petrol in his car.

8. There are ______ bottles on the table.

9. There are _____  hotels in this town.

10. I want to eat _____  bread.

 C. Select the best option

1. Very_____________people can fly a Jumbo plane.

A. little

B. few

C. a little

2. I still have____________money in the bank, so I'll wait until January to look for a job.

A. little

B. a little

C. a few

3. Quite____________animals still live in the mountains, so camping is still difficult.

A. very little

B. few

C. a few

4. Do you know anybody who has____________friends than Carla ?

A. less

B. fewer

C. more little

5. Some areas in Mauritania have very___________water, so sometimes water containers are needed.

A. few

B. little

C. a few

6. Just____________friends and some music will do a nice party

A. very little

B. little

C. a few

7. Really, there were such_____________films I liked that I decided to go back home.

A. a little

B. few

C. little

8. I only need _____________milk for my cake, so I thought you could lend me some.

A. very little

B. a little

C. a few

9. Would you like some more coffee ? OK, just _____________.

A. little

B. a little

C. very little

10. Who has got the______________children in Europe ?

A. fewer

B. fewest

C. less

ACTIVITY SECOND CONDITIONAL

ACTIVITY

Write the sentences using second conditional

Complete the Conditional Sentences (Type II) by putting the verbs into the correct form. Use conditional I with would in the main clause.

1. If we (have)  a yacht, we (sail)  the seven seas.
2. If he (have)  more time, he (learn)  karate.
3. If they (tell)  their father, he (be)  very angry.
4. She (spend)  a year in the USA if it (be)  easier to get a green card.
5. If I (live)  on a lonely island, I (run)  around naked all day.
6. We (help)  you if we (know)  how.
7. My brother (buy)  a sports car if he (have)  the money.
8. If I (feel)  better, I (go)  to the cinema with you.
9. If you (go)  by bike more often, you (be / not)  so flabby.
10. She (not / talk)  to you if she (be)  mad at you.

ACTIVITY FIRST CONDITIONAL FOR 10°

ACTIVITY

A. Choose the correct response for each  sentence.

1. If you _________ greasy food, you will become fat.

 a. eat

 b. will eat

2. If your sister goes to Paris, she _________ a good time.                                   

a.  has

b.  will have

3. If he _________ that, he will be sorry.

a.  will do

b.  does

4. If I leave now, I ________ in New York by 8:00 PM.

a.  will arrive

b.  arrive

5. You ________ on your test if you don't study.

a.  won't do well

b.  don't do well

6. They won't know the truth if you ________ them.

a.  won't tell

b.  don't tell

7. If I bake a cake, ________ have some?

a.  will you

b.  do you

8. If he ________ you, will you answer the phone?

a.  will call

b.  calls

9. If you don't go to the party, I ________ very upset.

a.  am

b.  will be

10. If you get a haircut, you ________ much better.

a.  will look

b.  look

B. If clause type 1: Fill in the correct form of the verb.

1. He  ________ (to get)  the postcard if she sends it today.

2. If I  _______  (to save) money, I will buy the new DVD)

3. You will pass your exam if you _______  (to work) hard.

4. He ______  (to come) if you wait.

5. If he  _____  (to talk) quietly, they will not hear him. 

PRESENT PERFECTO FOR 9

PRESENT PERFECT

The present perfect is formed from the present tense of the verb have and the past participle of a verb:

Use

We use the present perfect tense:

·         for something that started in the past and continues in the present:

They’ve been married for nearly fifty years.
She has lived in Liverpool all her life.

·          for something we have done several times in the past and continue to do:

I’ve played the guitar ever since I was a teenager.
He has written three books and he is working on another one.
I’ve been watching that programme every week.

We often use a clause with since to show when something started in the past:

They’ve been staying with us since last week.
I have worked here since I left school.
I’ve been watching that programme every week since it started.

·         when we are talking about our experience up to the present:

Note: We often use the adverb ever to talk about experience up to the present:

My last birthday was the worst day I have ever had.

Note: and we use never for the negative form:

Have you ever met George?
Yes, but I’ve never met his wife.

·         for something that happened in the past but is important at the time of speaking:

I can’t get in the house. I’ve lost my keys.
Teresa isn’t at home. I think she has gone shopping.
I’m tired out. I’ve been working all day.

 We use the present perfect of be when someone has gone to a place and returned:

A: Where have you been?
B: I’ve just been out to the supermarket.

A: Have you ever been to San Francisco?
B: No, but I’ve been to Los Angeles.

We often use the present perfect with time adverbials which refer to the recent past:

just; only just; recently;

Scientists have recently discovered a new breed of monkey.
We have just got back from our holidays.

PRACTICE USED TO - BE USED TO - GET USED TO

USED TO

I used to walk to school.

Caminaba a la escuela.

NOTA:

En la forma negativa la palabra "didn't" indica que la oración es negativa y "used to" cambia a su forma básica de "use to". En la forma interrogativa la palabra "Did" indica que es una pregunta.

I didn't use to walk to school.

Did you use to walk to school?

BE USED TO

Usamos el verbo "to be" junto con "used to" para decir "estar acostumbrado" a algo.

I am used to exercising every day.

Estoy acostumbrado a hacer ejercicio todos los días.

GET USED TO

Usamos el verbo "get" con "used to" para decir "acostumbrarse".

I am getting used to waking up early.

Me estoy acostumbrando a levantarme temprano.

NOTA:

Se usa el gerundio (la forma -ing del verbo) con "be used to" y "get used to" pero se usa el infinitivo (la forma básica del verbo) con "used to".

I used to walk.

I am used to walking.

I get used to walking.

ACTIVITY

A. Select the correct accordint to the translation.

1. Ella limpiaba la casa.

 She used to clean the house.

 She got used to cleaning the house.

 She is used to cleaning the house.

2. Él se acostumbró a levantarse temprano.

 He used to wake up early.

 He is used to waking up early.

 He got used to waking up early.

3. Pablo está acostumbrado a ir tarde.

 Pablo is used to going late.

 Pablo used to go late.

 Pablo is getting used to going late.

4. Estoy acostumbrada a cocinar en la mañana.

 I am getting used to cooking in the morning.

 I am used to cooking in the morning.

 I used to cook in the morning.

5. Maria manejaba el carro.

 Maria used to drive the car.

 Maria got used to driving the car.

 Maria is used to driving the car.

6. Ella se está acostumbrando a trabajar en esa compañía.

 She is getting used to working at that company.

 She used to work at that company.

 She is used to working at that company.

7. No leía muchos libros.

 I didn't use to read many books.

 I am used to reading many books.

 I got used to reading many books.

8. ¿Estás acostumbrado al clima?

 Are you used to the climate?

 Did you used to the climate?

 Did you get used to the climate?

B. PRACTICE

Write the correct sentence

Example:

I got used to speaking English.  (speak English)

Me acostumbré a hablar inglés.

*Write a contraction when it is possible.

Example  - I'm used to swimming.

1.  (cook) 

   Estoy acostumbrado a cocinar.

2.   (watch TV at night) 

   Veía la televisión en la noche.

   

3.   (use the computer) 

   Me estoy acostumbrando a usar la computadora.

4.   (need/study) 

   Necesito acostumbrarme a estudiar.

5.   (clean the house on Saturdays) 

   No limpiaba la casa los sábados.

6.  (work at night) 

   Él está acostumbrado a trabajar en la noche.

7.   (play with the children) 

   ¿Jugabas con los niños?

8.   (travel) 

   Me acostumbré a viajar.

   

IMPERATIVES

IMPERATIVES

Definition: Imperatives are verbs used to give orders, commands,warning or instructions, and (if you use "please") to make a request. It is one of the three moods of an English verb (indicative, imperative and subjunctive).

For example:

• Give me that tape, please.

To make the imperative, use the infinitive of the verb without "to"

For example:

• Come here!
• Sit down!

To make a negative imperative, put "do not" or "don't" before the verb:

For example:

• Don't go!
• Do not walk on the grass.

You can also use "let's" before the verb if you are including yourself in the imperative. The negative of "let's" is "let's not".

For example:

• Let's stop now.
• Let's have some lunch.
• Let's not argue
• Let's not tell her about it.

Orders
Adults do not usually give each other orders, unless they are in a position of authority. However, adults can give orders to children and to animals. The intonation of an order is important: each word is stressed, and the tone falls at the end of the sentence:

For example:

• Sit down now!
  * "Sit", "down" and "now" are all stressed, and the tone falls on "now".

Warnings
You can use the imperative to warn someone of danger. All the words in the warning are stressed, but the last word has a higher tone than the first word:

For example:

• Sit down now!
  * "Sit", "down" and "now" are all stressed, and the tone falls on "now".
• Watch out!
• Look out!
• Don't cross!

Advice
When you give advice using the imperative, the words are stressed normally.

For example:

• Don't tell him you're resigning now! Wait until Monday when he's in a better mood.
• Don't drink alcohol
• Don't eat heavy meals

Requests
You can also use the imperative to make a request, but you should use a polite word before the verb:

For example:

• Please take a seat.
• Please wait here.
• Please hold the line.
• Please don't smoke here.

Notes:
Note that an imperative sentence does not require a subject; the pronoun "you" is implied.

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