ACTIVITY ABOUT CONCITIONALS FOR 10°

ACTIVITY

Find the correct conditions (types of if-clauses).

1) If it wasn't so late, I would go shopping.

A. type I

B. type II

C. type III

2) Henry would have phoned his mother if he hadn't written the text message.

A. type I

B. type II

C. type III

3) I would buy a Ferrari if I had a lot of money.

A. type I

B. type II

C. type III

4) If we had known of your arrival, we would have been at the airport.

A. type I

B. type II

C. type III

5) I could have helped you if you had told me the truth.

A. type I

B. type II

C. type III

6) If you were driving from Budapest to Munich which way would you go?

A. type I

B. type II

C. type III

7) We ought to have arrived at lunchtime if we hadn't taken the M25.

A. type I

B. type II

C. type III

8) If the weather had been better, the plane might not have crashed.

A. type I

B. type II

C. type III

9) We can visit the museum if we have time.

A. type I

B. type II

C. type III

10) If Andy had played in the team, they might have won the match.

A. type I

B. type II

C. type III

ACTIVITY ABOUT SECOND CONDITIONAL FOR 10º

ACTIVITY

A. Write the sentences using second conditional

1) If I ___ (be) you, I  _____(get) a new job.

2) If he ____  (be) younger, he  _____ (travel) more.

3) If we  ____(not/be) friends, I  _____(be) angry with you.

4) If I ____ (have) enough money, I  _____(buy) a big house.

5) If she  ____(not/be) always so late, she  _____(be) promoted.

6) If we  ____(win) the lottery, we _____  (travel) the world.

7) If you  ____(have) a better job, we  ____(be) able to buy a new car.

8) If I  ___(speak) perfect English, I ____ (have) a good job.

9) If we  ____(live) in Mexico, I  _____(speak) Spanish.

10) If she  ____(pass) the exam, she  ____ (be) able to enter university.

11) She  ____(be) happier if she  ____(have) more friends.

12) We  ___(buy) a house if we  ____(decide) to stay here.

13) They _____ (have) more money if they  ____(not/buy) so many clothes.

14) We _____  (come) to dinner if we  _____(have) time.

15) She  ____(call) him if she ____ (have) his number.

16) They  ____(go) to Spain on holiday if they _____ (like) hot weather.

17) She ____ (pass) the exam if she _____ (study) more.

18) I ____ (marry) someone famous if I _____ (be) a movie star.

19) We  ____(be) late again if we  ____(buy) a new car.

20) You _____ (lose) weight if you  ____(eat) less

B.. READING COMPREHENSION

Read the text and answer the questions.

METEORS

To understand meteors, one must also understand meteoroids and meteorites. First, a meteoroid is a particle in the solar system. The meteoroid may be as small as a grain of sand, or, as large as a boulder. When the meteor enters the Earth's atmosphere, and becomes visible as a shooting star, it is called a meteor. If the meteor makes it to the ground, it is called a meteorite.

Meteors, also called shooting stars, occur in the Earth's mesosphere at an altitude of about 40-60 miles. Millions of meteors enter the Earth's atmosphere every day, though the vast majority are observed at night. Their visibility in the night sky is due to air friction which causes the meteor to glow and emit a trail of gasses and melted particles that lasts for about a second. Meteor showers are relatively common events that occur when the Earth passes through a trail of debris left by a comet.

Sometimes Meteoroids make it throughout the atmosphere and hit the ground, where they are referred to as meteorites. There are over 31,000 documented meteorites to have been found, although only five or six new ones are found every year. The largest meteorite ever found was in the African nation of Namibia. It weighs over 100 tons and left a huge impact crater in the ground. Scientists believe the massive Berringer Carter in Arizona was formed when a 300,000 ton meteorite crashed to the ground over 49,000 years ago. On November 30, 1954, the Hodges Meteorite (actually a fragment of a meteorite) crashed through the roof of the residence of Ann Hodges in the town of Sylacauga, Alabama. It bounced off a table before striking her in the leg. Although she was badly bruised, she was not seriously injured. It was the first recorded instance of a meteorite injuring a human. The actual meteorite was donated to the Alabama Museum of Natural History after various legal battles concerning ownership. Some scientists believe the impact of a large meteorite from an asteroid or comet in Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula was responsible for the extinction of dinosaurs some 65 million years ago. Such an impact would have had catastrophic global consequences including immediate climate change, numerous earthquakes, volcano eruptions, wildfires, and massive supertsuanims, along with the proliferation of massive amounts of dust and debris that would block solar energy and lead to a disruption in photosynthesis.

Most meteorites that reach the Earth are classified as chondrites or achondrites, while a small percentage are iron meteorites and stony-iron meteorites. Most meteorites are chondrites. Chondrites contain silicate materials that were melted in space, amino acids, and other presolar grains, particles likely formed from stellar explosions. Diamond and graphite are among materials found to be present in these grains. Chondrites are thought to be over 4.5 billion years of age and to have originated in the asteroid belt, where they never formed larger bodies. Achondrites are less common. These type of meteorites seem to be similar to igneous rock. Iron meteorites make up less than five percent of meteorite finds. These type of meteorites are thought to come from the core of asteroids that were once molten. Finally, stony-iron meteorites constitute less than one percent of all meteorite falls. They are made of iron-nickel metal and different silicates.

QUESTIONS

1. The largest meteorite ever discovered landed in __________________.

a. Alabama

b. Africa

c. Mexico

d. The United States

2. Which of the following was not (possibly) caused by a meteorite impact?

a. The formation of the Yucatan Peninsula

b. The Berringer Crater

c. The extinction of the dinosaurs

d. A slight injury to Ann Hodges

3. ________________________ meteorites are found every year.

a. Very few

b. Thousands of

c. Numerous

d. No

4. _______________________ meteors enter the Earth's atmosphere every day.

a. Hundreds

b. Millions

c. Few

d. Thousands

5. Which kind of meteorite is the least common?

a. Iron Meteorites

b. Story-iron meteorites

c. Achrondrites

d. Chrondrites

6. Most meteorites are _____________________.

a. stony-iron

b. chrondrites

c. iron

d. achrondrites

7. Chrondrites are thought to have originated in ____________________.

a.  Earth's atmosphere

b. the outer reaches of the Milky Way.

c. the asteroid belt

d. the Oort Cloud

8. Which of the following actually hits the ground?

a. meteoroid

b. meteor

c. meteorite

9. A meteor shower occurs when the Earth passes through ____________________________.

a. the asteroid belt

b. a trail of debris left by a comet

c. a solar flare

d. a meteoroid

10. Another name for a shooting star is a ___________________.

a. meteorite

b. meteor

c. meteoroid

ACTIVITY FOR 10º

ACTIVITY

Complete the Conditional Sentences (Type 0  - Type I) by putting the verbs into the correct form.

1. If you __________ (send)  this letter now, she __________(receive)  it tomorrow.

2. If I _________(do)  this test, I _____________(improve)  my English.

3. If I _______   (find)  your ring, I __________(give)  it back to you.

4. Peggy __________(go)  shopping if she ___________ (have)  time in the afternoon.

5. Simon __________(go)  to London next week if he ___________(get)  a cheap flight.

6. If her boyfriend ___________(phone / not)  today, she _________(leave)  him.

7. If they _________(study / not)  harder, they ___________(pass / not)  the exam.

8. If it ___________(rain)  tomorrow, I ___________(have to / not)  water the plants.

9. You _________(be able/ not)  to sleep if you __________ (watch)  this scary film.

10. Susan _________(can / move / not)  into the new house if it __________(be / not)   ready on time.

B. Read  the text and answer the questions about it.

JUPITER

What does this planet look like?

Jupiter, the fifth planet from the sun, is the largest planet in the solar system. It is the first of the “gas giants” and has no surface, though it may have a rocky core. Although it is only 1/1000th as massive as the sun, it is more than twice as massive as all of the other planets in the solar system combined. Jupiter’s atmosphere is separated into different bands and gives the planet the appearance of having whitish and reddish layers with various spots, swirls and bubbles. Jupiter’s most notable feature, other than its size, is the great red spot, a football shaped area of intense storms. Three Earths could fit inside the great red spot. The spot, which is a high pressure, stable storm with winds that gust over 400 miles per hour, is said to be somewhat similar to a hurricane. Recent studies have shown that the spot has actually shrunk and that the storm may be weakening. Scientists still don’t have an explanation for why the spot looks red. In addition, Jupiter also has a faint set of rings (probably made of dust) that wrap around the planet horizontally.

How big is this planet?

Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. It is nearly 318 times as massive as Earth, has the surface area of 122 Earths, and has 1,321 times the volume of Earth.

What is its gravity like?

Gravitational force on Jupiter is 254% the gravitational force on Earth. A 100 pound Earthling would weigh about 254 pounds on Jupiter.

How far is it from the sun? From  the Earth?

Jupiter is located an average of 466,000,000 miles from the sun. At its closest point, Earth and Jupiter are more than 390,000,000 miles apart. At their farthest, the two planets are more than 576,000,000 miles apart.

What is its atmosphere like?

The atmosphere of Jupiter is about 86 percent hydrogen and 14 percent helium. Methane, water vapor and ammonia exist in trace amounts. The interior of Jupiter is denser, with about 71 percent hydrogen, 24 percent helium and five percent other elements. Occasionally, flashes of lightning are detected in the atmosphere of Jupiter. These electrical discharges are said to be at least 1,000 times a s powerful as the typical lightning strike on Earth.

What’s the temperature like?

The average temperature in the cloud tops of planet Jupiter is -234 F, but if you were to descend from the cloud tops, closer to the interior of the planet (where the atmospheric pressure becomes about ten times what it is on Earth) the temperatures would actually be around 55 degrees F. If you were to descend farther, the temperatures would become incredibly hot.

How many moons does it have?

Jupiter has at least 63 moons, more than any other planet. The four Galilean moons of Jupiter are the most massive. Galileo discovered these moons in 1610. They were first moons discovered of any planet other than Earth’s.

1.) Jupiter is the__________planet in the solar system.

A. smallest

B. largest

C. farthest

D. coldest

2.) Jupiter’s Red Spot is_________than Earth.

A. about the same size

B. smaller

C. slightly larger

D. much larger

3.) Jupiter is more massive…..

A. than the sun

B. than most of the planets

C. than all of the planets combined

D. than the solar system

4.) Jupiter has…

A. rings

B. an area of massive storms

C. whitish and reddish layers

D. all of the above

5.) Lightning on Jupiter is…

A. more powerful than lightning on Earth

B. similar to lightning on Earth

C. weaker than lightning on Earth

D. non-existent on Jupiter

6.) If you were to visit Jupiter, you would be….

A. about the same weight

B. lighter

C. heavier

D. very warm

7.) Where on Jupiter is its temperature similar to that of the Earth?

A. cloud tops

B. close to the interior of the planet

C. deep into the interior of the planet

D. in its atmosphere

8.) How many planets are closer to the sun than Jupiter?

A. 3

B. 4

C. 5

D. 6

9.) How many planets have more moons than Jupiter?

A. 0

B. 1

C. 2

D. 3

10.) Why does Jupiter’s red spot look red?

A.  Because of the gases present in the atmosphere

B.  Because the temperature is so hot

C. Because of the massive amount of storm activity within the spot

D. Scientists aren’t sure.

READING COMPREHENSION FOR 10º

READ THE TEXTS AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

When we are young, we learn that tigers and sharks are dangerous animals. We might be scared of them because they are big and powerful. As we get older, however, we learn that sometimes the most dangerous animals are also the smallest animals. In fact, the animal that kills the most people every year is one that you have probably killed yourself many times: the mosquito.

 While it may seem that all mosquitoes are biters, this is not actually the case. Male mosquitoes eat plant nectar. On the other hand, female mosquitoes feed on animal blood. They need this blood to live and produce eggs. When a female mosquito bites a human being, it transmits a small amount of saliva into the blood. This saliva may or may not contain a deadly disease. The result of the bite can be as minor as an itchy bump or as serious as death.   

Because a mosquito can bite many people in the course of its life, it can carry diseases from one person to another very easily. Two of the most deadly diseases carried by mosquitoes are malaria and yellow fever. More than 700 million people become sick from these diseases every year. At least 2 million of these people will die from these diseases.

 Many scientists are working on safer and better ways to kill mosquitoes, but so far, there is no sure way to protect everyone in the world from their deadly bites. Mosquito nets can be placed over beds to protect people against being bitten. These nets help people stay safe at night, but they do not kill any mosquitoes. Mosquitoes have many natural enemies like bats, birds, dragonflies, and certain kinds of fish. Bringing more of these animals into places where mosquitoes live might help to cut down the amount of mosquitoes in that area. This is a natural solution, but it does not always work very well. Mosquitoes can also be killed with poisons or sprays. Even though these sprays kill mosquitoes, they may also harm other plants or animals.

 Although mosquitoes may not seem as scary as larger, more powerful animals, they are far more dangerous to human beings. But things are changing. It is highly likely that one day scientists will find a way to keep everyone safe from mosquitoes and the diseases they carry.

Questions

1) According to the author, some people are more afraid of tigers and sharks than mosquitoes because tigers and sharks

 A. kill more people than mosquitoes

B. are big and powerful

C. are found all over the world

D. have no natural enemies

2) Based on the information in paragraph 2, we can understand that

I. male mosquitoes and female mosquitoes have different eating habits

II. male mosquitoes are harmless to humans

III. female mosquitoes are responsible for transmitting diseases to humans

A. I only

B. I and II only

C. II and III only

D. I, II, and III © Copyright Read Theory LLC, 2012. All rights reserved.

 3) In paragraph 2 the author writes, "This saliva may or may not contain a deadly disease." The purpose of this statement is to

A. oppose a previous argument

B. question an upcoming conclusion

C. confirm a hypothesis

D. support a later statement

 4) As used in paragraph 2, minor most nearly means

A. insignificant

B. deadly

C. frustrating

D. dangerous

5) Based on information in paragraph 3, it can be understood that if you get sick with malaria or yellow fever, your chances of survival are

 A. terrible

B. mediocre

C. good

D. excellent

6) It can be understood that the introduction of dragonflies might reduce the number of flies in a given area because dragonflies

 A. work together with mosquitoes

B. kill mosquitoes

C. cannot be killed by poisons or sprays

D. attract bats

7) Which of the following best summarizes the information in paragraph 4?

A. Mosquito nets provide adequate protection from deadly mosquitoes.

B. Poisons and sprays provide adequate protection from deadly mosquitoes.

C. The introduction of the mosquito's natural enemies provides adequate protection from deadly mosquitoes.

D. There is no perfect solution to the mosquito problem.

8) Which of the following words best describes the author's overall attitude towards the prospect of solving the mosquito problem?

A. despondent, meaning hopeless or dejected

B. exasperated, meaning extremely irritated or annoyed

C. equivocal, meaning doubtful or uncertain

D. optimistic, meaning hopeful or taking a favorable view

READ THE TEXT AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

Many people like to eat pizza, but not everyone knows how to make it. Making the perfect pizza can be complicated, but there are lots of ways for you to make a more basic version at home.

 When you make pizza, you must begin with the crust. The crust can be hard to make. If you want to make the crust yourself, you will have to make dough using flour, water, and yeast. You will have to knead the dough with your hands. If you do not have enough time to do this, you can use a prepared crust that you buy from the store.

 After you have chosen your crust, you must then add the sauce. Making your own sauce from scratch can take a long time. You have to buy tomatoes, peel them, and then cook them with spices. If this sounds like too much work, you can also purchase jarred sauce from the store. Many jarred sauces taste almost as good as the kind you make at home.

 Now that you have your crust and your sauce, you need to add the cheese. Cheese comes from milk, which comes from cows. Do you have a cow in your backyard? Do you know how to milk the cow? Do you know how to turn that milk into cheese? If not, you might want to buy cheese from the grocery store instead of making it yourself.

 When you have the crust, sauce, and cheese ready, you can add other toppings. Some people like to put meat on their pizza, while other people like to add vegetables. Some people even like to add pineapple! The best part of making a pizza at home is that you can customize it by adding your own favorite ingredients.

Questions 

1) The author's main purpose in writing this passage is to

 A. describe the history of pizza

B. teach a healthier way to make pizza

C. outline steps to make a basic pizza at home

D. provide tips about how to make your pizza especially delicious

2) As used in paragraph 1, which word means the opposite of complicated?

 A. difficult

B. simple

C. easy

D. manageable

3) As used in paragraph 3, which is the best synonym for purchase?

A. forget

B. buy

C. ask

D. cook

 4) In paragraph 3, the author writes, "Many jarred sauces taste almost as good as the kind you make at home." The purpose of this statement is to

A. clarify a later statement

B. provide an example

C. clarify an earlier statement

D. support the previous paragraph

5) In paragraph 4, the author asks a series of questions in order to

A. support the idea that most people cannot make homemade cheese

B. reinforce the idea that most people probably live on farms

C. prove that store-bought cheese tastes better than homemade cheese

D. emphasize the superiority of homemade cheese over store bought cheese

6) As used in paragraph 5, which is the best definition for customize?

 A. to make personal

B. to prepare for more than one

C. to eat while hot

D. to desire

7) According to the author, which of the following ingredients do you need to have ready before you can add the toppings?

I. crust

II. sauce

III. cheese

A. I only

B. I and II only

C. II and III only

D. I, II, and III

8) Which of the following words best describes how the author feels about making a pizza from scratch?

A. helpful

B. understanding

C. enthusiastic

D. negative

9) Which of the following conclusions would work best at the end of this passage.

A. Although the crust, sauce, and toppings are all important ingredients in pizza, it is clear that the cheese is most important. Therefore, be sure your cheese is homemade.

B. It can be understood that making your pizza from scratch should be avoided at all costs. Use

store bought ingredients and save yourself a heap of trouble.

C. As you can see, cooking a pizza can be fun, but it can also be very expensive. But, as you can

see, the best things are worth paying for.

D. Once you have prepared the crust, sauce, cheese, and toppings, you are ready to bake your

pizza. I think you will see that making pizza at home can be a good alternative to purchasing it from the store.

ACTIVITY ABOUT COMPARATIVES FOR 10º

ACTIVITY

A. Write the comparative form

Good

Ugly

Beautiful 

Small 

Pretty

Long 

Wonderful

Fat

Large

Thin

Big

Expensive

Popular

Easy

B.  Complete the sentences with the correct form of the adjectives.Thumbs Up

1)      Janet cooks ___________(good) than my mom.

2)      My cat is _____________(fat) than my dog.

3)      Mr Gordon is ____________(thin) than his son.

4)      Madona is ____________(popular) than my favourite singer.

5)      Pam’s car is ____________(expensive)than my car.

6)      I’m reading ____________(wonderful) book  now.

7)      It’s really !Dad’s food always is _____________ (ugly) than my mother’s .

8)      Yesterday I bought a ___________ (large) sweater for Tommy

9)      I can’t  believe it! You’re _____________ (big) than last year.

10)   Sophie has got(beautiful) hair than Jasmine.

ACTIVITY USED TO FOR 10º

ACTIVITY

A.  COMPLETE WITH THE RIGHT WORDS IN THE BOX BELOW :

PLAY (2X)      WAS (2X)       WERE (2X)           AM          BE          USE          HAVE (2X)

GO (2X)           RIDE                 COLLECT            SPEND       DON'T       JUMP         DANCE  

1- She used to ___________ with dolls when she _________ a child.

2- They didn't ____________  to play any sports.

3- He didn't use to _____________  a scrapbook.

4- When they _____________ younger, they used to _________ to the beach,  ________ a bike and _____________ comics.

5- I used to ___________ very shy, but I ___________ not anymore.

6- After school, my friend and I used to ____________ chess and hide-and-seek.

7- I used to____________  my vacation in a summer camp with my friends.

8- I used to __________ a pet when I __________ 5 years old. Now I _________ have it anymore.

 9- In elementary school I used to _________ rope and ___________ axé.

10- When we_________  7, I used to ____________ rollerblading.

B. Make an affirmative sentence, negative sentence or question using ‘used to + infinitive':    

1) I / live in a flat when I was a child.     

2) We / go to the beach every summer?  

3) She / love eating chocolate, but now she hates it. 

4) He / not / smoke.   

5) I / play tennis when I was at school.   

6) She / be able to speak French, but she has forgotten it all.      

7) He / play golf every weekend?.   

8) They both / have short hair.      

9) Julie / study Portuguese. 

10) I / not / hate school.

ACTIVITY TAG QUESTIONS FOR 10°

ACTIVITY

Complete the sentences with the correct question tags.

1.  He's in to Texas,  _____________?

2.  Dogs like meat, _________________?

3.  There are some apples left, __________________?

4.  I'm late, ______________ ?

5.  He is going to Cali,__________________? 

6.  Don't smoke, ______________ ? 

7.  He doesn't sing in the bathroom, _______________ ?

8.  He'll never know,________________?

9.  I think he's from India, _____________?

10.  Loren can sing in  the disco, _______________ ?

11. Mr Guinness is from Ireland,­­­  _____________?

12. The car isn't in the garage,  __________________ ?

13. You are John,____________?

14. She went to the library yesterday, ________________ ?

15. He didn't recognize me, _____________?

16. Cars pollute the environment, ______________?

17. Mr. Pritchard has a car,____________?

18. The trip is very expensive,_______________?

19. He won't tell her,_______________?

20. Hugh will buy  a red car, _______________ ?  

21. She is collecting stickers,_____________ ?

22. We  watch TV in the afternoon,_____________?

23. You  cleaned your bike, ___________?

24. John and Max don't like Maths, ______________?

25. Peter played handball yesterday,____________?

26. They are going home from school, _____________?

27. Mary didn't do her homework last Monday, _____________?

28. He could buy a new car, __________________?

29. Kevin will come tonight, ____________ ?

30. I'm clever, ______________ ?  

ACTIVITY

Read the texts and answer the questions about them.

THE DRIVE

Gustavo works far away from his home. He drives a car to work. It takes him 3 hours to get there. Gustavo drives. While he drives, he thinks about many things. He thinks about his little girl. She likes to ride horses. He thinks about his little boy. He plays fireman all the time. He thinks about his wife. She milks the cows on the farm. Gustavo thinks of things he needs to do when he gets home. He needs to cut the grass. It is too long. He needs to water the flowers so they will grow. He wants to read a story to his little girl. He wants to play a game with his little boy. He wants to sit with his wife. He wants to tell her about his day.

1. How does Gustavo get to work?

A. by bus

 B. by car

C. by horse

D. by train

 2.  What does Gustavo do while he drives?

 A. He sings.

 B. He talks.

C. He thinks.

 D. He works.

3. What does Gustavo think about while he drives?

I. his work

II. his wife

III. his little boy

A. I only

B. I and II

C. II and III

D. I, II, and III

4. How long does it take Gustavo to get to work?

A. 15 minutes

 B. 30 minutes

C. 2 hours

D. 3 hours

5. What does Gustavo’s little girl like to do?

 A. milk cows

 B. play fireman

 C. ride horses

D. water flowers

6. What does Gustavo’s little boy like to do?

A. milk cows

B. play fireman

C. ride horses

 D. water flowers

7. What does Gustavo need to do when he gets home?

I. milk the cows

II. cut the grass

III. water the flowers

 A. I only

 B. I and II

C. II and III

D. I, II, and III

8. What does Gustavo want to do when he gets home?

I. sit with his wife

II. read to his little girl

III. play a game with his little boy

A. I only

B. I and II

C. II and III

D. I, II, and III

9. Why does Gustavo need to cut the grass?

A. So it will grow.

 B. It is too brown.

C. It is too long.

 D. It is too old.

10. What does Gustavo need to water when he gets home?

A. the grass

B. the cows

C. the horses

D. the flowers